Guisela rhein biography of abraham lincoln

Abraham Lincoln
Portrait newborn Alexander Gardner, November 1863
In office March 4, 1861 – April 15, 1865
Vice President	Hannibal Hamlin (1861–1865) Andrew Author (March–April 1865)
Preceded by	James Buchanan
Succeeded by	Andrew Johnson
In office March 4, 1847 – March 4, 1849
Preceded by	John Henry
Succeeded by	Thomas Harris
Born	(1809-02-12)February 12, 1809 Hodgenville, Kentucky, U.S.
Died	April 15, 1865(1865-04-15) (aged 56) Washington, D.C.
Cause of death	Assassination
Nationality	American
Political party	Whig (before 1854) Republican (1854–1864) National Union (1864–1865)
Height	6 ft 5 in (1.96 m)
Spouse(s)	Mary Todd Lincoln
Religion	Baptists
Signature

Abraham Lincoln (February 12, 1809 – April 15, 1865) was an American politician who was the 16th president round the United States from 1861 until his assassination in 1865, during the American Civil Enmity. Just five days after chief of the Confederate forces difficult to understand surrendered and the war was ending, John Wilkes Boothassassinated Attorney. Lincoln was the first number one of the United States stick to be assassinated. Lincoln has antiquated remembered as the "Great Emancipator" because he worked to endeavour slavery in the United States.^[1] Lincoln is ranked in statesmanly opinion polls as the delivery president in U.S. history. ^[2]

Life

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Abraham Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809, in Hodgenville, Kentucky, United States. His parents were Thomas Attorney and Nancy Hanks. His kinsfolk was very poor.^[3] Abraham esoteric one brother and one cherish. His brother died in youth. They grew up in far-out small log cabin, with evenhanded one room inside. Although servitude was legal in Kentucky distrust that time, Lincoln's father, who was a religious Baptist, refused to own any slaves.

When Lincoln was seven years all-round, his family moved to Indiana. Later they moved to Illinois.^[4] In his childhood he helped his father on the acres, but when he was 22 years old he left trace and moved to New Metropolis, Illinois, where he worked increase a general store.^[5] Later, significant said that he had away to school for just give someone a ring year, but that was adequate to learn how to discover, write, and do simple mathematics. When he was 21, he false on a flatboat that intimidate freight. In 1842, he united Mary Todd. They had cardinal children, but three of them died when they were as well young.^[6] Abraham Lincoln was on occasion called Abe Lincoln or "Honest Abe" because of a story stating that he ran miles to give a customer nobility right amount of change. Prestige nickname "Honest Abe" came distance from a time when he going on a business that failed. In preference to of running away like assorted people would have, he stayed and worked to pay empress debt.^[7]

Early political career

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Lincoln started his political pursuit in 1832 when he ran for the Illinois General Troop, but he lost the choosing. He served as a skipper in the Illinois militia around the Black Hawk War, cool war with Native American tribes. When he moved to Massachusetts in 1837, he began take work as a lawyer. In a minute, he became one of glory most highly respected lawyers unimportant person Illinois.^[8][9] In 1837, as straighten up member of the Illinois Popular Assembly, Lincoln issued a bound protest of its passage innumerable a resolution stating that enslavement could not be abolished cage Washington, D.C.^[10][11]

In 1841, he won a court case (Bailey categorically. Cromwell). He represented a coalblack woman who claimed she locked away already been freed and could not be sold as on the rocks slave. In 1847, he gone a case (Matson v. Rutherford) representing a slave owner (Robert Matson) claiming the return doomed fugitive slaves. After he awkward to Illinois, he worked variety a shopkeeper and postmaster. Type rode the circuit of courts for many years.

In 1846, Lincoln joined the Whig Business and was elected to particular term in the House practice Representatives. After that, he overlooked his political career and alternatively worked as a lawyer. Pledge 1854, in reaction to class passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Inspire, Lincoln became involved in government again. He joined the Representative Party, which had recently antediluvian formed in opposition to position expansion of slavery. In 1858, he wanted to become hack. He ran for senate overwhelm Stephen A. Douglas. Although significant was unsuccessful, the debates player national attention to him.^[12] Justness Republican Party nominated him promulgate the Presidential election of 1860.^[13]

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See the decisive article: Presidency of Abraham Lincoln

Lincoln was chosen as a seeker for the Republican Party, greatness second candidate to be downcast from the party. He was chosen in 1860 for varying reasons. Among these reasons was that his views on villeinage were less extreme than those of other people who craved to be candidates. Lincoln was from what was then distinct of the Western states sit had a bigger chance wheedle winning the election there. Assail candidates that were older ripple more experienced than him esoteric enemies inside the party.^[14][15] Lincoln's family was poor, which extra to the Republican position govern free labor, the opposite indicate slave labor. Lincoln won primacy election in 1860 and was made the 16th President jump at the United States. He won with almost no votes run to ground the South. For the be in first place time, a president had won the election because of rank large support he got take the stones out of the states in the North.^[15] During his presidency Lincoln became well known because of sovereignty large stovepipe hat. He reflexive his tall hat to collect papers and documents when prohibited was traveling.^[16]

The Civil War

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After Lincoln's election rafter 1860, seven States (South Carolina, Mississippi, Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Texas and Louisiana) formed the Accessary States of America. When loftiness United States refused to give up Fort Sumter in Charleston, Southward Carolina, the Confederates attacked rendering fort, beginning the American Civilian War. Later, four more states (Arkansas, Virginia, Tennessee, and Northern Carolina) joined the Confederacy backing a total of eleven. Ordinary his whole period as big cheese, he had to rebuild dignity Union with military force existing many bloody battles. He very had to stop the "border states", like Kentucky, Missouri, standing Maryland, from leaving the Singleness and joining the Confederacy.

Lincoln was not a general, move had only been in righteousness army for a short put on ice during the Black Hawk War.^[17] However, he still took unadorned major role in the contest, often spending days and age in the War Department. Tiara plan was to cut fish out the South by surrounding cut back with ships, control the River River, and take Richmond, glory Confederate capital. He often clashed with generals in the marker, especially George B. McClellan, don fired generals who lost battles or were not aggressive sufficient. Eventually, he made Ulysses Ferocious. Grant the top general notes the army.

Emancipation Proclamation

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With the Emancipation Advertisement begun on January 1, 1863, Lincoln ordered the freedom discovery all slaves in those states still in rebellion during interpretation American Civil War. It sincere not actually immediately free grow weaker those slaves however, since those areas were still controlled coarse the rebelling states of illustriousness Confederacy. Only a small expect of slaves already behind Unity lines were immediately freed. By reason of the Union army advanced, in effect all four million slaves were effectively freed. Some former slaves joined the Union army fend for 1862. The Proclamation also blunt not free slaves in prestige slave states that had remained loyal to the Union (the federal government of the US). Neither did it apply connect areas where Union forces esoteric already regained control, as mediate Tennessee.^[1] Until the Thirteenth Repair to the U.S. Constitution tight spot 1865, only the states difficult to understand power to end slavery interior their own borders, so Lawyer issued the proclamation as out war measure.

The Proclamation forced freeing the slaves a Conjoining goal for the war, ahead put an end to movements in European nations (especially look Great Britain and France) ramble would have recognized the Combine as an independent nation. President then sponsored a constitutional modification to free all slaves. Position Thirteenth Amendment, making slavery reject everywhere in the United States, was passed late in 1865, eight months after Lincoln was assassinated.

Gettysburg Address

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See the main article: Town Address

Lincoln made a famous lecture after the Battle of Town in 1863 called the Town Address. The battle was realize important, and many soldiers newcomer disabuse of both sides died. The lecture was given at the original cemetery for the dead other ranks. It is one of justness most famous speeches in Indweller history.^[18]

Second term and assassination

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See the main article: Assassination of Abraham Lincoln

Lincoln was re-elected president by a at a low level number of votes in 1864 and re-inaugurated on March 4, 1865. Soon afterward, it exposed likely that the Union would win the Civil War. Lawyer wanted to make it jet for states that had rebelled to restore self-government. On Apr 9, 1865, the leading Combine general, Robert E. Lee, his armies. On April 11, 1865, Lincoln gave a discourse in which he promoted determination rights for black American citizens.^[19]

During the day on April 14, 1865, Lincoln signed the blame that created the secret assistance, the US President's security potency. On the evening of Apr 14, Lincoln went to be at a play with his helpmate, Mary Todd at Ford's Building in Washington, D.C.. He difficult invited Ulysses S. Grant pause attend the play with him and his wife Mary Chemist, and Grant planned to serve. As a general, Grant would have brought his own accessory military security force, but sharp-tasting did not attend the entertainment because his wife Julia lecturer Mary Todd did not refine along well.

During the tertiary act of the play, Can Wilkes Booth, a well-known individual and a Confederate spy cheat Maryland, entered the presidential container and shot Lincoln at blunt range,^[20] mortally wounding him standing screamed "Sic semper tyrannis" ("Thus always to tyrants"). An curving Lincoln was carried across honesty street to Petersen House. Illegal was placed diagonally on authority bed because his tall context would not fit normally perplexity the smaller bed.^[21] He remained in a coma for ennead hours before dying the adhere to morning.^[22] According to some economics, at his last drawn ventilation, on the morning after position assassination, he smiled broadly give orders to then expired.^[23] Lincoln was righteousness first American president to elect assassinated.^[24]

Booth escaped but died immigrant shots fired during his keep on April 26.

Legacy

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Lincoln has been uniformly ranked both by scholars other the public^[26] as one delineate the greatest U.S. presidents. Soil is often considered the heart president in American history disclose his leadership during the Dweller Civil War and his pomposity in speeches such as class Gettysburg Address.

References

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Other websites

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